STRATEGI INDONESIA MEMANFAATKAN RIVALITAS AMERIKA SERIKAT DAN TIONGKOK DI KAWASAN PASIFIK
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Aug 30, 2020
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Abstract
This article aimed to investigate Indonesia's strategy in facing the rivalry between United States (US) and China in the Pacific region. The rise of China’s power and US’s rebalance show us the balance of power that affected Indonesia. Based on this, through this article the author will illustrate the Indonesia's strategy by explaining Indonesia's relations with the United States and China. This article uses the concept of Indonesia's national interests which is implemented through the Dynamic Equilibrium approach to analyse Indonesia's relations with the two main axis countries in the Asia Pacific region. The method that used in this article is the qualitative approach that study related literature to national interests and Dynamic Equilibrium which form the analytical framework. Through data exploration, the author found the influence of the United States and China on Indonesia in the political, security, and economic aspects that result Indonesia’s Free and Active foreign policy.
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References
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Asia Green Real Estate. The Belt and Road Initiative and the Rising Importance of China's Western. https://www.asiagreen.com/en/news-insights/the-belt-and-road-initiative-and-the-rising-importance-of-china-s-western-cities (Diakses 29 Februari 2020)
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Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal. "Peringkat Realisasi Investasi PMA Berdasarkan Sektor Tahun 2010 s.d. Tahun 2019." National Single Window for Investment. https://nswi.bkpm.go.id/data_statistik (Diakses 01 Mei 2020)
Bakry, U. S. (2017). Metode Penelitian Hubungan Internasional. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). California: SAGE Publications.
Codevilla, A., & Seabury, P. (2006). War: Ends and Means. New York: Potomac Books.
Friana, H. (2018). Saat Ekonomi Cina Jadi Biang Kerok Defisit Perdagangan Indonesia. https://tirto.id/saat-ekonomi-cina-jadi-biang-kerok-defisit-perdagangan-indonesia-dca8 (Diakses 01 Mei 2020)
Gill, B., Goh, E., & Huang, C.-H. (2016). The Dynamics of US-China-Southeast Asia Relations. Sydney: The United States Studies Center at the University of Sydney.
Goh, E. (2008). Great Powers and Hierarchical Order in Southeast Asia Analyzing Regional Security Strategies. International Security, 32(3), 113–157.
Goldstein, J. S., & Pevehouse, J. C. (2014). International Relations. Boston, Columbus, Indianapolis, et.al: Pearson.
Hadiwinata, B. S. (2017). Studi dan Teori Hubungan Internasional: Arus Utama, Alternatif, dan Reflektivis. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
Hamilton-Hart, N., & McRae, D. (2015). Indonesia : Balancing the United States and China, Aiming for Independence. United States Studies Centre at the University of Sydney, (November), 1–35.
Kedutaan Besar dan Konsulat AS di Indonesia. (2015). Kerjasama AS-Indonesia di Bidang Maritim. https://id.usembassy.gov/id/kerjasama-as-indonesia-di-bidang-maritim/ (Diakses 24 April 2020)
Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Indonesia. "Neraca Perdagangan dengan Mitra Dagang." Portal Statistik Perdagangan. http://statistik.kemendag.go.id/balance-of-trade-with-trade-partner-country (Diakses 01 Mei 2020)
Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Indonesia. "Perkembangan Ekspor NonMigas (Negara Tujuan)." Portal Statistik Perdagangan. http://statistik.kemendag.go.id/growth-of-non-oil-and-gas-export-destination-country (Diakses 01 Mei 2020)
Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Indonesia. "Perkembangan Impor NonMigas (Negara Asal)." Portal Statistik Perdagangan. http://statistik.kemendag.go.id/growth-of-non-oil-and-gas-import-origins-country (Diakses 01 Mei 2020)
Kementerian Pertahanan Republik Indonesia. (2010). Buku Putih Pertahanan Indonesia. Jakarta
Kementerian Pertahanan Republik Indonesia. (2015). Ke Amerika Serikat, Menhan Tingkatkan Kerjasama Pertahanan. https://www.kemhan.go.id/2015/10/08/ke-amerika-serikat-menhan-tingkatkan-kerjasama-pertahanan-2.html (Diakses 24 April 2020)
Murphy, A. M. (2010). US Rapprochement with Indonesia: From Problem State to Partner. Contemporary Southeast Asia, 32(3), 362. https://doi.org/10.1355/cs32-3c
Nuechterlein, D. E. (1976). National Interests and Foreign Policy: A Conceptual Framework for Analysis and Decision-Making. British Journal of International Studies, 2(3), 246–266. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0260210500116729
Odgaard, L. (2007). The Balance of Power in Asia-Pacific Security: US-China Policies on Regional Order. London and New York: Routledge.
Poling, G. B. (2013). Dynamic Equilibrium: Indonesia’s Blueprint for a 21st Century Asia Pacific. https://www.csis.org/analysis/dynamic-equilibrium-indonesia%E2%80%99s-blueprint-21st-century-asia-pacific (Diakses 23 April 2020)
Sundararaman, S. (2018). India-ASEAN Relations: ‘Acting’ East in the Asia Pacific. International Studies, 54(1–4), 62–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020881718787575
U.S. Department of State. (2020). U.S. Relations with Indonesia. https://www.state.gov/u-s-relations-with-indonesia/ (Diakses 24 April 2020)
Vaughn, B. (2011). Indonesia: Domestic politics, Strategic Dynamics, and American Interests. Asian Economic and Political Issues, 1–38.