PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK BIJI BUAH MAHONI DAN KULIT JERUK DALAM PEMBUATAN PESTISIDA ALAMI

Abstract

Mahogany is a type of plant from the Meliaceae tribe which is large and has brown fruit that is box-shaped or ovoid and notched. Mahogany trees are often found in teak forests and  other places close to the beach, or planted along the road as a protected tree. Mahogany trees can reduce air pollution by about 47% - 69% so it is called a protective tree as well as an air filter and water catchment area. Therefore, mahogany trees can be used as a type of plant that can be cultivated in a sustainable manner, especially in urban areas that have high levels of air pollution. This can improve agriculture in urban areas for the realization of urban farming sustainable goals. Based on observations that have been carried out by observing a number of mahogany trees in the city of Medan, it can be seen that many mahogany are not used. Therefore, this scientific work aims to create ideas in processing mahogany seeds into an item that has a use value. Based on the literacy activities that have been carried out, it can be concluded that mahogany fruit seeds can be used as ingredients in the manufacture of natural pesticide, especially only for plant pests and safe for other animals. This is because, mahogany seeds contain saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids which can resist insects. Making natural pesticides is done by extracting the mahogany seeds. Then, extraction of mahogany seeds that have been produced is mixed with citronella extraction and extraction of orange peel as the solvent. Both types of solvents were chosen because they both can resist insects, so they can be used as a combination in the manufacture of natural pesticides. Based on the activities that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the seeds of mahogany fruit can be used as natural pesticide ingredients by mixing the extraction of the mahogany fruit with citronella extraction and orange peel extraction.