PEMANFAATAN BIOMASSA KULIT KAKAO SEBAGAI MATERIAL KARBON AKTIF BERPORI PADA ELEKTRODA SUPERKAPASITOR DENGAN METODE PIROLISIS
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Abstract
Most of the cocoa pod biomass contains carbon which can be used as electrodes. Carbon is the most important material in the manufacture of supercapacitor electrodes. The proportion of cocoa pod biomass reaches 75% of the total cocoa production per year. Cocoa skin biomass contains about 23-54% cellulose, 60.67% lignin, 36.47% holocellulose, and 18.90% hemicellulose. This content indicates that the skin of the cocoa pods can be processed into charcoal which contains lots of carbon. Based on this, the pod skin has the potential to become a supercapacitor electrode material. Cocoa pod skins are processed into carbon through a pre-carbonation process, then chemically activated using 3.5 M KOH and physically activated through a pyrolysis process at a temperature of 700°C. The characteristics of the carbon material based XRD test results showed that the activated carbon of cocoa pod biomass had a peak purity approaching graphite at 2θ: 24.75o. The resulting carbon biomass of cocoa husk has a surface area and pore volume of 179.15 m²/g and 0.166 cc/g with particles size 12.31 µm. This cocoa pod pod carbon electrode has a resistance value of 0.0307 S/m with a specific capacitance value of 3.32 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s and 1.42 at a scan rate of 10 mV/s.
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